Wednesday, April 16, 2014

Final Thoughts



This class has provided a plethora of useful information about the changing dynamics of the workforce. As seen over multiple class discussions throughout the semester, we have come a long way from a society that lived solely by gender norms and social constructs. Women are becoming more and more educated and entering the workforce at a more rapid pace now than ever before. However, we have yet to be completely free of gender biases and expectations, especially here in the United States (where we as an industrial country are severely behind).
One of the most intriguing topics in this class was the study on Shirley Chisholm. I for one have never heard of Shirley Chisholm. This was quite appalling considering the fact that I was a Political Science major. One would assume that a black woman running for presidency in the 70's and actually having some time of impact in the political arena would be phenomenal and worth mentioning. Yet, I never even as much as read a sentence about her before now. Baffling! Aside from this being black history, it is certainly U.S. history! 


The huge take away from this class however, was the issue of work-life balance and family friendly policies. It is not the only challenge faced by women in the workforce, but it is one of the greatest. In the 21st Century women struggle with having to be a care-taker and a professional, a struggle that very few men are faced with. I have also come to realize that there really is no solution. I believe that family-friendly polices would be a huge benefit and assistance to working parents, however, it does not completely solve the problem. Even if women were extended longer parental leave with pay, very few of them would be able to continue that lifestyle, which is actually the REAL struggle for some women. Despite the normality of the ideas of work and family, they just seem to be two incompatible concepts. It can be done, but there will always be some type of lack, whether it be a predominately absent father or a predominately absent mother, there will always be a lack. The ultimate solution: Utopia! 

Nonetheless, I loved this class. It was quite eye-opening! I find myself being more aware of things that as a woman who desires to have both a career and a family in the near future should definitely think about. As a professional, I would like to be treated equally to men, I would like equal pay, and I would like to opportunity to be a successful leader (maybe even a CEO). I would also like to have children, spend time with my family, take care of my household, and still have time to myself. So... since Utopia is non-existent (for now), I'll advocate for the family-friendly policies, feminist and womanist movements, women support groups, and other various empowerment techniques until..........Utopia.

In addition to the links offered throughout my blog, here are more encouraging/Informative links pertaining to Women in Administration:

Five links to website that offer insight:

Work-life balance:
Pay Equity Programs:
Women in Leadership: 
Equality:

  Five Articles on Important Concepts:  





Monday, March 3, 2014

Reflection # 5



 Not An Easy Road!!

Class was very interesting this week, especially as we addressed Sheryl Sandberg’s “Lean In” book. I have always heard that women had to be ‘go getters’ and put themselves out there to succeed and advance. However, little did I ever hear about the external forces that affect women’s ability to advance. Gaby, our guest speaker, and Dr. Patterson made valid points on the structural challenges that women face in an organization. We are told to ‘sit at the table’ instead of on the side, but what if our position does not allow us any access to the table? It would be very difficult to just walk into an executive meeting as if you were meant to be there when you are merely a secretary, and sit down at the table. Advancing is not impossible in this case, but it is definitely not an easy road. You have to be in the right position at the right time and stick to the course. This is not to say that the odds will not be against you, most of the time, but it is definitely worth the effort.



I do believe however, that it does take drive, persistence, and perseverance to succeed as women, and definitely at a higher drive than men. We have to work harder especially because less than 50 years ago, it was not the norm for women to be as active in the workforce as they are today. Howerver, hard work usually does pay off. I will use myself as a prime example. Although I am not a leader (yet) I had to work for where I am. I took initiative. I was willing to put in the long hours and "little pay" because I saw an opportunity. When I found out that the person who was previously in my current position had plans on leaving, I had a goal. To learn as much as I could and prove to my bosses that I was the right person for the position and I did. It definitely came at a cost though. Not only was I working in two offices for majority of last year, but I was doing full-time work at part time pay. In the end though, I got a job pretty much handed to me. It was extremely beneficial to the office because they did not have to post the position and interview for replacements. However, I earned the job, if they did not think that I was capable, convenience or not, I would not have been offered the position. Although I was not striving for an executive position in an office dominated by men (more like dominated by Hispanics), I still believe it serves as a good example of having to work hard for what we want.




Leadership is definitely a challenge for women as well. Not only can the journey be a bit trying, but maintaining it is also a mission.  The Harvard Business Review presented an article “Women Rising: The Unseen Barriers”, where they argued that “Becoming a leader involves much more than being put in a leadership role, acquiring new skills, and adapting one’s style to the requirements of that role. It involves a fundamental identity shift.” (Ibarra, Ely, Kold, 2013) They mention that companies are more focused on ensuring that individuals, have the right skills and capabilities to be a leader when in fact, there must be a mental competency as well. Women, especially, have to see themselves as a leader; they have to “gain a sense of themselves as leaders, be recognized as such, and ultimately succeed.” (Ibarra, Ely, Kold, 2013) To be effective, leaders need affirmation and empowerment that “gives the person the fortitude to step outside a comfort zone and experiment with unfamiliar behaviors and new ways of exercising leadership.” (Ibarra, Ely, Kold, 2013) Women are especially tasked with having to prove themselves in leadership positions. Besides having the obvious skills to be a leader, they have to identify themselves as a leader and be confident and the confidence needs to be and should be encouraged by the organization they work for. However, women are also faced with the challenge of balance, Stivers mentions this in her text. Women have to “project an image that is feminine enough that [they] won’t be called a dyke…but not so feminine that [they] won’t be taken seriously.” (pp 72) Its a never ending battle for us.



In conclusion, it is more than just sitting at the table. There are multiple structural challenges women will face in their career lifetime. Not to mention the other obstacles we face, such as having to balance work and life (and being stereotyped as such even if we don't choose that path). However, I do believe that it is important and extremely beneficial to have women on the sidelines rooting other women on, like Sandberg and others. Though there may be some loopholes in her arguments (like many other arguments) her success can and has been great motivation for many and that is awesome!

Ibarra, H., Ely, R., Kold, D. (2013) Women Rising: The Unseen Barriers. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved on 28 February 28, 2014 from http://hbr.org/2013/09/women-rising-the-unseen-barriers/

Stivers, C. (2014) Gender Images in Public Administration: Legitimacy and the Administrative State. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks California.

Tuesday, February 25, 2014

Reflection Journal # 4

Why is the U.S. ALWAYS in the lead of being behind...??


After watching our presentation and hearing about European countries and their support for children as well as the encouraging of paternal leave I think it is safe to say that most of us women thought to ourselves, where can I find a European man, preferably Swedish? I think it is so awesome that not only is there a high value placed on children, but that men are extremely engaged in the crucial years of their children’s life. How is it that the United States, ‘land of the free’ and opportunities for all, has the highest percentage of children in poverty? What an oxymoron! Furthermore, it is quite obvious that our "family friendly policies" suck (compared to other countries), and yet little has been done to amend them.
  
I did further investigation into European Countries and their family friendly policies and it is pretty amazing. The United States, along with Lesotho, Swaziland, and Papua New Guinea (not sure I've ever even heard of these places), are the only countries that do not mandate paid maternity leave. (Huffington Post, 2014) The Huffington Post presents a pretty interesting graph depicting where other countries stand as it pertains to paternity and maternity leave around the world. We have countries like South Korea, to my surprise, allowing 90 days of paternity leave and 100 percent pay. The U.K., which in my eyes is definitely the “model country”, provides 280 days of both maternity and paternity leave with up to 90 percent of pay. While the U.S. sits in the middle of the chart with 0 days of pay. Even Australia, who lingered in the same category as the U.S. for a while, made moves in 2011 when they introduced their first national Paid Parental leave scheme!




However, there may be SOME hope. The article goes on to discuss the “Top States For New Dads”. States were rated and given points based on their family friendly policies to new dads. Washington D.C. (although not really a state) rated number 1 with 70 points (I wonder if being the capital of the country has anything to do with this??). Nonetheless, “D.C.’s laws include six of seven possible policies to help new fathers and mothers by expanding FMLA access to workers in smaller businesses and those with less time on the job and offering a longer period of FMLA leave. [They] also enacted the nation’s second paid sick leave law.” (Huffington Post, 2013) Connecticut, New Jersey, and California ranked as 2,3, and 4 on the list. Out of the 15 states that were mentioned, Kentucky came in last receiving 10 points.The Graph below provides more information on these states as well as top companies that offer paternity leave.





In a Wall Street Journal article, they discuss that recently firms and companies are allowing fathers to take paternity leave—this is progress. However, men have been reluctant to take the time off due to the fears of “losing status at work [and] lingering stereotypes about a father's role in the family.” (Weber, 2013) There is a stigma given to fathers who would choose to be home during the early years of their children (a.k.a. playing an active role in their life). This is far from the Swedish mentality depicted in the video we watched last class. However, it is not a lack of interest that causes men to not want to take paternity leave it is the idea of not wanting to let their team down or be viewed as distracted or less dedicated to work. (Weber, 2013) Ironically, women face similar challenges. In a Facebook survey on the Wall Street Journal page their results showed a divide on thoughts regarding paternity leave, “young fathers see leave as more essential, while older workers say it carries a stigma at their workplaces.” (Weber, 2013) This can be viewed as a good thing for future generations. Even more promising, is that “Sixty percent of fathers in dual-earner couples reported feeling conflict between work and family responsibilities in 2008, compared with 35% who felt that way in 1977, according to the Families and Work Institute.” (Weber, 2013) It seems as though men are beginning to feel the pressures that women have been feeling for generations. Although it is not quite on par with the difficulties women face, I think it is safe to say that men are slowly being affected. It may take a while for American dads to be like Swedish dads, mainly because our policies still don't compare, but it is quite possible that generations down the road hopefully when policies are better, we may see more men taking paternity leave. It would be nice to see a bunch of happy fathers on a playground running around after kids at 12 o'clock in the afternoon. :)


No Author. (2013) Paid Paternal Leave: U.S. vs The World (Infographic). The Huffington Post: Parents. Retrieved on 25 February 2014 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/04/maternity-leave-paid-parental-leave-_n_2617284.html#slide=862697

Weber, L. (2013) Why Dads Don't Take Paternity Leave. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved on 25 February 2014 from http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887324049504578541633708283670